感冒、咳嗽用药大全

老马 · 发表于 2013-4-2 09:01:16

肺癌病人咳嗽用药
一、中枢性依赖性镇咳药物
可待因，阿片（含吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱和那可丁），适用于无痰干咳以及剧烈、频繁的咳嗽。
二、中枢性非依赖性镇咳药物
右美沙芬，苯佐那酯，适用于无痰干咳以及剧烈、频繁的咳嗽。喷托维林（咳必清），适用于无痰干咳。
三、外周性镇咳药物
苯丙哌林（可立停、咳快好），适用于无痰干咳以及剧烈、频繁的咳嗽。
四、祛痰药
愈创甘油醚、桃金娘油（吉诺通）、溴己新、氨溴索（沫舒坦）、乙酰半胱氨酸（富露施）等。
五、复方制剂
（1）氨酚伪麻美芬片II / 氨麻苯美片（白加黑）：氨酚伪麻美芬片II(日用片)：每片含对乙酰氨基酚325毫克;盐酸伪麻黄碱30毫克，氢溴酸右美沙芬15毫克。
氨麻苯美片(夜用片)：每片含对乙酰氨基酚325毫克;盐酸伪麻黄碱30毫克，氢溴酸右美沙芬15毫克，盐酸苯海拉明25毫克。
白加黑（日片）有解热、镇痛、镇咳和收缩毛细血管作用，白加黑（夜片）同时还具有抗过敏、镇静作用。
（2）复方鲜竹沥口服液（杭州天目山药业）：适用于肺热咳嗽，风热咳嗽，痰多等症状。
（3）复方甘草含片：含甘草浸膏粉、阿片等，适用于无痰干咳。
（4）复方桔梗片：桔梗、阿片等，适用于无痰干咳以及剧烈、频繁的咳嗽。
（5）佩夫人止咳露：可待因、愈创木酚、扑尔敏、麻黄碱等，适用于无痰干咳以及剧烈、频繁的咳嗽。
（6）联邦止咳露：磷酸可待因、盐酸麻黄、氯化铵、扑尔敏等，适用于无痰干咳以及剧烈、频繁的咳嗽。
（7）人参保肺丸（同仁堂）：适用于肺气虚弱，津液亏损引起的虚劳久嗽，气短喘促等症。
（8）洋参保肺丸（同仁堂）：适用于阴虚肺热,咳嗽痰喘,胸闷气短等症。
（9）美敏伪麻溶液（惠菲宁，辉瑞）：氢溴酸右美沙芬、马来酸氯苯那敏、盐酸伪麻黄碱等。缓解普通感冒、流行性感冒及过敏引起的咳嗽、咳痰、打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻塞、咽痛等症状。
六、注意事项
（1）白天咳嗽宜选用苯丙哌林，夜间咳嗽者宜选用右美沙芬。
（2）痰液较多的咳嗽应以祛痰为主，不宜单纯使用镇咳药,应与祛痰药合用，以利于痰液的排出和镇咳效果。
（3）有些咳嗽是由支气管哮喘引起的，平喘治疗有效；有些是由食管反流引起的，应用胃动力药和制酸药有效；肿瘤引起的刺激性咳嗽，需要抗肿瘤治疗才有效果。
（4）使用中枢性镇咳药物需注意剂量，小心呼吸抑制。

重出江湖 · 发表于 2013-4-14 17:03:02

谢谢楼主了这些都很实用！

rockwenfeng · 发表于 2013-4-14 18:59:57

很实用的资料，谢谢了~

babyvot · 发表于 2013-5-24 19:49:51

好东西，学习一下。。。。

老马 · 发表于 2013-6-5 08:30:16

海底椰露止咳合剂主要是由浙贝母、苦杏仁、桔梗、甘草、鱼腥草、椰子浆、蒺藜这些成分制成的一种为棕褐色的液体。具有止咳利咽，清肺化痰的功效。用于肺热久咳挟风所致的咳嗽痰稠，口干，咽痒，喉痛。

WXMPQ · 发表于 2013-6-5 14:39:55

很实用啊。。。谢谢了，对副作用也有用的应该，幸苦了

ly丫丫 · 发表于 2013-6-7 10:33:38

后悔没早看到这个，爸爸就是因为咯血窒息去世的。

笨猪 · 发表于 2013-6-29 17:03:45

收藏了

谢谢老马

亮亮1904 · 发表于 2013-6-29 18:21:28

谢谢老马的辛劳!

老马 · 发表于 2013-8-6 15:36:25

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
Coughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).

Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.

Considerations

Coughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.

Blood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.

Causes

A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:

Blood clot in the lung
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
Bronchoscopy with biopsy
Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis
Cancer
Cystic fibrosis
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
Injury to the arteries of the lungs
Irritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
Pneumonia or other lung infections
Pulmonary edema
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Tuberculosis
Home Care

Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.

It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:

A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
Blood in your urine or stools
Chest pain
Dizziness
Fever
Light-headedness
Severe shortness of breath
What to Expect at Your Office Visit

In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:

Type
Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?
Can you see blood when you cough up something?
How many times have you coughed up blood?
Is there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
Time pattern
Did it begin suddenly?
Has it increased recently?
For how many weeks has the cough lasted?
Is the cough worse at night?
What other symptoms do you have?
The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:

Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
Chest CT scan
Chest x-ray
Complete blood count
Lung biopsy
Lung scan
Pulmonary arteriography
Sputum culture and smear
Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT